Ransomware Attacks
Ransomware attacks have become one of the most devastating and rapidly evolving cyber threats globally. Cybercriminals are employing increasingly sophisticated methods to extort victims, while organisations struggle to stay ahead of these tactics. Here’s a detailed look at how ransomware attacks are changing:
What are the Common Delivery Methods of Ransomware?
Ransomware is a form of malicious software designed to encrypt a victim’s data or lock them out of their systems until a ransom is paid. There are various types of ransomware, including:
- Crypto Ransomware: Encrypts files and renders them inaccessible.
- Locker Ransomware: Locks users out of their systems entirely, preventing access to files or programs.
- Double Extortion Ransomware: Combines data encryption with threats to leak sensitive information if the ransom isn’t paid.
- Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS): A subscription model where attackers lease ransomware tools to affiliates, making it easier for less-skilled cybercriminals to launch attacks.

Ransomware typically spreads through:
- Phishing Emails: Fraudulent messages trick recipients into clicking malicious links or downloading infected attachments.
- Infected Downloads: Malicious software hidden in legitimate-looking applications, freeware, or documents.
- Exploiting Vulnerabilities: Attackers leverage outdated software or systems with unpatched security flaws to gain unauthorized access.
- Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP): Brute force attacks on weak RDP credentials allow attackers to infiltrate networks.
Preventative Measures
Regular Software Updates and Patch Management
Keeping operating systems, applications, and security software updated is critical. Updates often contain patches for known vulnerabilities that attackers exploit. For example, the infamous WannaCry ransomware attack in 2017 targeted unpatched Windows systems, leading to global disruptions.
Best Practices:
- Enable automatic updates where possible.
- Regularly audit systems to identify and patch outdated software.
Installing the Right Ransomware Solution
Morphisec employs a revolutionary approach called moving target defence (MTD). By dynamically morphing the memory space where applications and processes run, it creates an unpredictable environment that prevents attackers from executing their code. This means:
- Fileless malware and in-memory attacks are stopped before they can act.
- Critical systems remain secure, even against unknown or zero-day threats.
- Virtual Patching: A Game-Changer
One of Morphisec’s standout capabilities is virtual patching. Unlike traditional patch management, virtual patching secures systems immediately without requiring downtime or risky updates. This is particularly critical for:
- End-of-life (EOL) servers and applications: Many organisations rely on legacy systems that no longer receive official patches. Morphisec’s virtual patching shields these systems from exploitation, ensuring they remain secure.
- Unpatched systems: For organisations waiting 60–90 days to deploy updates, virtual patching provides immediate protection during this vulnerable window.
- Stopping Fileless Malware and In-Memory AttacksCyber criminals increasingly use sophisticated techniques like fileless malware and in-memory attacks to bypass traditional defences. These attacks:
Employing Network Segmentation
Network segmentation divides your infrastructure into isolated sub-networks, limiting the spread of ransomware in case of an attack. By isolating critical systems, businesses can prevent ransomware from compromising the entire network.
Benefits of Segmentation:
- Contains ransomware outbreaks within one segment.
- Provides security teams more time to respond and isolate threats.
- Limits attacker access to sensitive data
Implementing Strong Access Controls
- Utilizing multi-factor authentication (MFA) and strong passwords.
- Adopting the principle of least privilege for access management.
Backup and Recovery Plans
- Regular data backups stored offline or in secure cloud environments.
- Testing backup integrity periodically
Advanced Security Measures
- Endpoint detection and response (EDR) systems.
- Application whitelisting to prevent unauthorised software execution.
- Using secure tools for remote work setups.
- Morphisec MTD to cover Fileless and in memory attacks.
Responding to Ransomware Attacks
- Steps to take during an attack (e.g., isolating infected systems).
- Reporting incidents to law enforcement and cybersecurity authorities.
Future-Proofing Your Business
- Investing in cyber insurance.
- Regularly updating your cybersecurity policies and practices.
Summary
Cyber criminals will always find a weak point in. Now is the time to look at preemptive solutions that fill the gap other solutions miss. It’s all about the layered defence and looking for new cutting edge solutions that keep up with the latest types of attacks.
We recommend looking at Morphisec MTD to add the layer that other solutions like NGAV, EDR, XDR miss and to stop the ever-increasing files and inmemory attacks and also be able to virtual patch all your window/linux servers and windows desktops and EOL servers as this stop’s attackers exploiting vulnerabilities.
Morphisec Moving Target Defence dynamically changes the runtime memory structure of applications, rendering the attacker’s intended target untraceable. Fileless and in-memory attacks, which depend on predictable structures in memory, are effectively stopped in their tracks. Because this approach doesn’t rely on signatures, anomalies, or behavioural patterns, it remains effective against even the most advanced, zero-day threats.
FAQ
What is ransomware?
Ransomware is a type of malicious software designed to encrypt a victim’s files or lock them out of their system. The attacker demands a ransom payment, often in cryptocurrency, in exchange for decrypting the data or restoring access.
How does ransomware infect systems?
Ransomware infects systems by exploiting vulnerabilities in software, tricking users into downloading malicious files, or spreading through compromised networks. Once inside, it encrypts files or takes control of the system
What are common delivery methods for ransomware?
- Phishing emails with malicious attachments or links.
- Exploiting vulnerabilities in unpatched software.
- Drive-by downloads from compromised websites.
- Malicious advertising (malvertising).
- Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) attacks.
Can antivirus software stop ransomware?
Antivirus software can stop some known ransomware by detecting and blocking malicious files. However, it may struggle against advanced or fileless ransomware, which requires additional layers of defence.
What is the role of firewalls in preventing ransomware?
Firewalls act as a barrier, blocking malicious traffic and restricting access to sensitive systems. They help prevent ransomware from entering or spreading across a network.
How often should businesses update software to prevent ransomware?
Businesses should update software as soon as patches are released, ideally within a few days. Delays increase the risk of exploitation, as attackers often target known vulnerabilities soon after updates are announced.
Why is employee training important in preventing ransomware?
Employees are often the first line of defence. Training helps them identify phishing emails, avoid clicking on suspicious links, and recognise other signs of ransomware attacks, reducing the risk of accidental infections.
What is phishing, and how does it relate to ransomware attacks?
Phishing is a tactic where attackers trick individuals into sharing sensitive information or downloading malicious files. Many ransomware attacks begin with phishing emails containing links or attachments that deploy the ransomware.
How can businesses implement multi-factor authentication?
Use an MFA solution that combines a password with another authentication factor (e.g., a one-time code, biometric data, or a security token).
Integrate MFA into critical systems and services, including email and VPNs
What is the principle of least privilege in cybersecurity?
The principle of least privilege means giving users and systems only the access necessary to perform their functions. This reduces the potential impact of a ransomware attack by limiting what an attacker can exploit.
How can backups help in ransomware recovery?
Backups allow organisations to restore data without paying the ransom. Having clean, up-to-date backups ensures that encrypted files can be replaced with unaffected copies.
How should backups be stored for maximum safety?
Use the 3-2-1 rule: three copies of data, on two different media, with one copy offsite.
Keep at least one backup offline or in a write-protected format to prevent ransomware from reaching it.
What is application whitelisting?
Application whitelisting restricts systems to run only approved programs. This prevents ransomware and other unauthorised software from executing, reducing the risk of infection.
How does network segmentation help against ransomware?
Network segmentation divides a network into smaller segments. If ransomware infects one segment, the segmentation limits its ability to spread, containing the damage.
Are small businesses at greater risk of ransomware attacks?
Yes. Small businesses often lack robust security measures, making them easier targets for attackers. Additionally, they may be more likely to pay a ransom due to the impact on their operations.
What steps should businesses take during a ransomware attack?
- Isolate infected systems to prevent the spread.
- Identify the scope of the attack.
- Report the incident to relevant authorities.
- Consult cybersecurity experts for response and recovery.
- Restore data from clean backups.
Should businesses pay the ransom if attacked?
Paying the ransom is discouraged. It funds criminal activity, doesn’t guarantee data recovery, and may make the business a repeat target. Organisations should focus on recovery through backups and expert assistance.
How can email security technologies like SPF and DKIM help?
SPF (Sender Policy Framework) and DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) verify the legitimacy of emails, reducing the likelihood of phishing emails that could deliver ransomware reaching employees’ inboxes.
What is endpoint detection and response (EDR)?
EDR tools monitor endpoint activity, detect suspicious behaviours, and respond to threats in real-time. They are particularly effective at identifying and containing ransomware before it causes significant damage.
How do you test backup integrity?
- Regularly restore files from backups to ensure they work as expected.
- Use automated backup verification tools.
- Perform end-to-end recovery drills to test systems under real-world conditions.
What is cyber insurance, and is it necessary for small businesses?
Cyber insurance covers financial losses from cyberattacks, including ransomware. For small businesses, it provides critical financial protection, though it’s not a substitute for robust cybersecurity measures.
Are cloud services secure from ransomware attacks?
Cloud services can be secure if they implement strong security measures, such as encryption, access controls, and regular backups. However, businesses must also secure their endpoints and access to cloud systems to prevent ransomware.
How can remote work environments be secured against ransomware?
- Implement VPNs and secure remote access solutions.
- Enforce MFA for all remote connections.
- Regularly update software on remote devices.
- Provide cybersecurity training tailored to remote work scenarios.
What laws and regulations should businesses follow for ransomware reporting?
Regulations vary by region and industry. In the UK, businesses may need to report ransomware incidents to the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) or comply with GDPR if personal data is affected.
How can businesses stay updated on emerging ransomware threats?
- Subscribe to threat intelligence feeds and cybersecurity blogs.
- Participate in industry forums and conferences.